Word: psychologists
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Collective Narcissism. In a report to the American Medical Association's convention held in midtown Manhattan last week, Psychologist Anthony F. Philip of Manhattan's Columbia College emphasized that such judgments do not necessarily apply to the thrill-seeking experimenter who smokes a couple of reefers, or even the occasional, "recreational" user. But they do apply, he said, to regular users. The anarchic anti-Establishment attitude of these "pot lushes," Philip added, stems from an "intolerable, chronic, low-grade depression, including 1) a subjective sense that somehow they have been cheated by life in general and by their...
Even without group pressure, notes Stanford Psychologist Philip Zimbardo, people will rarely intervene in an interfamily situation for fear of violating a social code. Husbands and wives can literally beat each other to death before most outsiders will step in; recent studies of the estimated more than 30,000 "battered children" injured by parental abuse every year indicate that as many as 4,000,000 people were familiar with at least one such case of family violence and that most of them did nothing...
...many people are aware. In most states, good Samaritans who intervene can be sued for their trouble and must bear the cost of any injuries they may suffer. Helpers weighing the possible risks of intervening are also concerned about losing their freedom, says University of Wisconsin Psychologist Leonard Berkowitz. When one person helps another, says Berkowitz, the helper almost inevitably feels that he has come under the sway of the person whom he is assisting...
...sees someone else do it. Northwestern University's James H. Bryan discovered that the proportion of people who stopped to aid a woman driver struggling with a flat tire increased if they passed another woman farther back who was already getting help. Columbia Teachers College Psychologist Harvey Hornstein has experimentally "lost" 500 wallets around New York City during the past two years. His studies show that finders who think that others have been helpful in similar situations are most likely to mail the wallet back...
...those investigators is Social Psychologist Elliot Aronson of the University of Texas, who became interested in the law after suffering through a Parkinsonian procrastination of his own making: he took three desultory summer weeks to prepare a lecture that could have been written in three hours. Deciding to test the work-delaying proclivities of others, he divided a number of volunteer students into two groups. Those in one section were allowed five minutes to prepare a talk on the subject of smoking; the others were given 15 minutes for the job. Aronson then gave each group a new but similar...