Word: precursor
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...became moot in the wake of the Six-Day War of 1967 and the Yom Kippur War of 1973, which represented unmistakable threats to the existence of Israel. Arab leaders frequently make a distinction between Judaism, which they claim to respect as a biblical religion that is a spiritual precursor of Islam, and Zionism, which they see as an outdated colonialist and imperialist ideology imported from Europe. The Jewish answer is that today this is a distinction without a difference: attacking Zionism means threatening the very existence of Israel...
...Harvard-Yale game has not become a commercial enterprise should not imply that big business has had no affect on the event. Last year, frequent arbitrary timeouts for television commercials bothered many players who felt that the interruptions defused their momentum. Eighty-one years ago, the Vitascope company, a precursor of the modern motion picture corporations, offered the managers of both teams $25,000 for exclusive picture-taking rights at the 1894 game. Vitascope made one stipulation however, that the game be played between the twenty-five yard lines so their cameras could record all the action. The company even...
...Italian prints span styles from the ex-Futurist Carlo Carra's surprisingly static "The Acrobats," to the Surrealis precursor Giorgio de Chirico, who by 1921 had also reverted to a more academic style. De Chirico had switched from his earlier eerie, suspended space and stifled-emotion realism to a less exciting neoclassicism...
Fisher followed in the footsteps of the male members of his family when he came to Harvard College in 1943. His desultory interests were evident here, as he rambled in academic concentration from political theory in Government, to Economics, and finally to Cultural Anthropology, the precursor of Social Relations, where he studied under College luminary Clyde Kluckhohn...
...operations of hostile espionage agents, particularly those of the Soviet KGB, at home and abroad. The task offered few rewards and demanded an angler's perseverance and patience, unflagging watchfulness and a passion for anonymity. General William Donovan, the director of the Office of Strategic Services (a precursor to the CIA), called him the OSS's "most professional counterintelligence officer." In the years that followed, all the directors of the CIA leaned on him. Allen Dulles seldom made a move on the clandestine side without first consulting him. Walter Bedell Smith made him his youthful éminence grise...