Word: molecular
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Angeles, and French Chemist Jean-Marie Lehn, 48. The three were cited for their work, dating back as far as the 1960s, in creating artificial molecules that can mimic the behavior of hormones and other organic substances. The lone winner in medicine was Susumu Tonegawa, 48, a Japanese-born molecular biologist at M.I.T. His contribution: showing how a handful of genes in a small number of immune cells turn out a staggering variety of antibodies to protect the body against disease...
Muller was inspired to the discovery while walking in a monastery garden during a 1983 conference in Erice, Sicily. Although most existing superconductors were metals, theorists had suggested that ceramics, which usually act as insulators at room temperature, might also work because of their molecular structure. Stirred by a lecture on the subject, Muller started thinking about specific kinds of ceramics that might do the job. Says Bednorz: "As outsiders in the superconductor area, we could afford to tackle unconventional ideas." Was the award a surprise? "Based on the interest our work aroused, one could have expected it," says Muller...
American scientists Donald J. Cram and Charles Pedersen, and French researcher Jean-Marie Lehn, received the prize in Chemistry for their work in molecular synthesis...
...Nobel Prizes for Chemistry and Physics were awarded yesterday to scientists and researchers working in molecular synthesis and superconductivity...
...Their research] led to the fact that crown-others give you a molecular cage, or molecular house, in which you can create many things by bringing in tiny molecular components and putting them together," Herschbach explained...