Word: bertrand
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Declared white-haired, deep-eyed Philosopher Bertrand Russell in Chicago: "Although I have preached pacifism all my life, I am convinced now for the first time that freedom cannot be preserved without military struggle. Liberty will die out over the world unless totalitarianism is defeated...
...four years the Hearst New York Journal & American had screamed that the city's schools and colleges were honeycombed with Reds. Bertrand Russell's appointment last spring to teach at City College (later overruled by the courts) was the last straw. Taxpayers, American Legionnaires and Tammanyites, who have no love either for Communism or the city's anti-Tammany school and college boards, got the Legislature to vote a sweeping inquiry into the State's educational system, including "subversive" activities in New York City...
...world is beset with problems which badly need thinking through. First problem, say professional thinkers-i.e., philosophers-is how to go about thinking at all. Two new books attack the impasse. Bertrand Russell pursues An Inquiry into...
...INQUIRY INTO MEANING & TRUTH-Bertrand Russell-Norton...
Aristotelian logic, Reiser says, has dominated Western thought for 2,000 years, confuses science and society by its omnipresent lingering. This logic is two-valued: a thing is either true or not true. Non-Aristotelian logic (which Bertrand Russell rejects) is many-valued, fills the chasm between true and not true with probabilities. A four-valued logic would permit: true, probably true, possibly true, not true. (The word "and" then acquires 14.348,907 distinct meanings.*) Such logic is not speculative nonsense but a tool urgently needed, for example, by atom-studying physicists. It is also vital in comprehending the relativity...