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DIED. Anatoli Kuznetsov, 49, Russian author of Babi Yar, a documentary novel about the Nazi slaughter of Jews and others outside Kiev, who fled to Britain in 1969; of a heart attack; in London. Once an obedient party member who even informed on fellow writers for the KGB, he bitterly denounced his homeland as a "fascist state" after his defection...
...gentiles alike. Television's Holocaust may have done something to restore that fund of good will toward Israel. The past, Israel's raison d'être and validation, the pedigree of its suffering, came crowding back in the series' deadly lists: Kristallnacht, Eichmann, Himmler, Babi Yar, Sobibor, Theresienstadt, Auschwitz-or, rather, television's elaborately imagined approximations of all of them. "It is only a story," the network's ads proclaimed, "but it really happened...
...direction, while more efficient than inspired, is well above typical TV standards, and some of his images kick the audience sharply in the gut. He shows nude women and children marching silently into the showers; his camera takes in the piles of corpses in the ditches at Babi Yar. Unlike routine cops-and-robbers TV violence, which is too impersonal and stylized to move an audience, these sequences have a shocking impact...
...three decades poets, writers, musicians and at least one politician in the Soviet Union have called for a monument to be built at Babi Yar, a desolate ravine near Kiev that is a worldwide symbol of Jewish martyrdom. There, on Sept. 29-30, 1941, a 150-man SS extermination team assembled the Jews of the German-occupied capital of the Ukraine, stripped them naked, lined them up on the edge of the ravine and machine-gunned them. Children were thrown into the ravine alive. The team halted only long enough to shovel sand over each layer of bodies. When...
Silent Screams. Yet all efforts to memorialize the victims foundered on the Kremlin's unwillingness to acknowledge that Jews were particular targets of the Nazis. The postwar party chief in the Ukraine, Nikita Khrushchev, publicly promised to erect a monument at Babi Yar, but his plan was forestalled by Stalin's anti-Semitic drives. Even after Khrushchev himself took power in Moscow, Babi Yar remained a refuse-strewn wasteland. Poet Yevtushenko was fiercely rebuked for singling out Jews as victims of the massacre. So was Composer Dimitri Shostakovich, who made Babi Yar a theme of his 13th Symphony...